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How weeks are identified.
Whether the 24-hour clock or the 12-hour clock is used.
The punctuation used to separate elements in all-numeric times.
Conventions for date and time can also differ substantially in writing and speaking.
International standard ISO 8601 defines unambiguous written all-numeric big-endian formats for dates, such as 1999-12-31 for December 31, 1999; and time, such as 23:59:59 for 23 hours, 59 minutes, and 59 seconds (one second before midnight).
These standards notations have been adopted by many countries as a national standard (e.g., BS EN 28601 in the UK and similarly in other EU countries, ANSI INCITS 30-1997 (R2008), and FIPS PUB 4-2 in the United States (FIPS PUB 4-2 withdrawn in United States 2008-09-02))
They are, in particular, increasingly widely used in computer applications.
Daylight saving time (DST) – also summer time in British English (see Terminology) – is the practice of temporarily advancing clocks so that afternoons have more daylight and mornings have less
Typically clocks are adjusted forward one hour near the start of spring and are adjusted backward in autumn.
Many countries have used it since then; details vary by location and change occasionally.
The practice is controversial.
Its effect on health and crime is less clear
Although an early goal of DST was to reduce evening usage of incandescent lighting, formerly a primary use of electricity,
DST's occasional clock shifts present other challenges
They complicate timekeeping, and can disrupt meetings, travel, billing, recordkeeping, medical devices, heavy equipment,
A water clock
A small human figurine holds a pointer to a cylinder marked by the hours
The cylinder is connected by gears to a water wheel driven by water that also floats a part that supports the figurine.
In this ancient water clock, a series of gears rotated a cylinder to display hour lengths appropriate for each day's date.
Although not punctual in the modern sense, ancient civilizations adjusted daily schedules to the sun more flexibly than modern DST does, often dividing daylight into twelve equal hours regardless of day length, so that each daylight hour was longer during summer.